‘웹 2.0’하면 무엇이 생각나세요. 양방향 소통과 집단지성을 빼놓을 수 없죠. 집단지성의 대표인 개방형 온라인 백과사전 ‘위키피디아(Wikipedia)’의
뿌리가 흔들린다는 소식이 전해지고 있습니다.
위키피디아는 누리꾼들의 자발적인 참여로 콘텐츠가 작성 편집되며 사이트가 채워집니다. 그만큼 위키피디아의 핵심 자원은 콘텐츠를 담당하는 편집자들이겠죠. 그런데 최근 편집자들이 위키피디아를 떠나고 있어 문제가 되고 있는 것입니다. 미국 월스트리트저널에 따르면 위키피디아를 떠난 편집자는 올 1~3월 석 달간 4만9000명에 달했으며 이는 전년 같은 기간에 비해 10배나 늘어난 것이라고 합니다.
위키피디아는 2001년 서비스를 시작한 이후 1400만여건의 정보를 제공하고 있습니다. 현재 271개 언어로 운영되고 있으며 편집자 수만 300만명에 달한다고 하네요. 또 지난해 9월부터 올 9월까지 일년간 위키피디아를 찾은 누리꾼들은 약 20% 증가했으며 전 세계 사이트 중 방문자 숫자로 5위를 차지해 꾸준한 인기를 유지하고 있습니다.
이런 위키피디아의 편집자들이 줄어들고 있는 이유는 무엇일까요. 위키피디아 관계자들은 이미 대부분의 주제에 대한 콘텐츠가 채워졌다는 점과 편집자간 분쟁을 막기 위해 도입한 제한 규정이 늘어난 점을 주된 이유로 꼽습니다. 제한이 강화되며 신규 편집자들이 참여하기 어렵게 되자 편집자들의 참여가 줄어들었다는 것이죠.
제한이 강화된 배경에는 위키피디아에 유명인사들에 대한 거짓 정보가 자주 올라오며 신뢰성 시비가 벌어진 것을 꼽을 수 있습니다. 지난 8월 말 사망한 에드워드 케네디 미국 민주당 상원의원은 위키피디아에 ‘1월 오바마 대통령 취임 당시 뇌일혈로 사망했다’고 적혀있었고 존 케네디 전 대통령의 암살에 존 세이겐탈러라는 전 언론인이 관여했다는 잘못된 정보가 올라온 적도 있습니다. 또 토니 블레어 영국 전 수상이 히틀러의 숭배자였다는 정보가 올라오기도 했었습니다.
이런 이유로 위키 피디아는 생존 인물에 대한 정보는 전문가들의 승인을 받는 새로운 편집 정책을 발표하기도 했었습니다. 신뢰도가 떨어지자 제한이 강화됐으며 이는 편집자의 이탈로 이어진 것이죠. 선순환이 이어지던 위키피디아에 악순환이 시작된 것 아닌가 우려가 됩니다.
편집자들의 자발적인 참여는 위키피디아의 뿌리인 만큼 편집자가 줄어들고 있다는 소식은 뿌리가 흔들린다는 것이니까요. 그러나 위키피디아 경영진들은 크게 개념치 않는 것 같습니다. 경영진들은 현재 편집자들만으로도 위키피디아를 충분히 관리할 수 있다고 주장하고 있는데요.
위키피디아의 창설자인 지미 웨일스는 편집자 수가 어느 수준이 돼야 적당한지는 불분명하다며 중요한 것은 정확성을 높이는 것이라고 말했습니다. 수 가드너 전무이사 역시 전보다 적은 인원으로도 위키피디아를 충분히 유용한 사전으로 만들 수 있다고 강조했습니다.
편집자가 많은 것은 그만큼 위키피디아의 정보가 사실인지를 확인해준 검증인이 많다는 뜻도 됩니다. 그런 편집자들이 이탈하고 있는 것은 위키피디아의 검증력이 떨어진다는 것이고, 신뢰도와 연관되지 않을까요. 위키피디아 경영진들이 어떤 대안을 마련하고 있을지는 모르겠지만 편집자들을 끌어들이는 노력을 해야하지 않을까 싶습니다.
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